Menya uko wahinga ibihumyo: imfashanyigisho

Ubuhinzi bw’ibihumyo ni umwe mu mishinga wakora ukinjiza amafaranga menshi. Ni umushinga woroshye gukora kandi udasaba igishoro kinini nk’uko bigenda ku yindi mishinga.

Mu nyandiko y’uyu munsi tugiye kureba mu buryo burambuye uko umuntu yakora ubuhinzi bw’ibihumyo n’ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu akore ubwo buhinzi.

Impamvu guhinga ibihumyo ari umushinga waguteza imbere vuba

Izi ni zimwe mu mpamvu uyu mushinga wo guhinga ibihumyo wakorwa n’abantu bashaka kwiteza imbere:

-Guhinga ibihumyo ni umushinga woroshye gukora.

-Ibihumyo ntibisaba kubihinga ahantu hanini. Aho ufite hose wabihakorera. Ushobora no kubikorera aho uba.

-Ntibisaba igishoro kinini.

-Ibikoresho bikenerwa mu guhinga ibihumyo byose wabibona mu Rwanda.

-Bitanga umusaruro munini. Ku mugina umwe hashobora kweraho ibihumyo birenga ikiro kimwe (1kg).

-Ibihumyo byerera igihe gito cyane. Byera mu gihe kiri hagati y’iminsi 7-10 kandi ukamara amezi 3 cyangwa 4 usarura ahantu hamwe mu bihe bitandukanye.

-Kubyitaho ntibisaba umwanya munini.

-Ni umshinga wunguka kandi mu gihe gito.

Ni gute wahinga ibihyumyo?

Ibyangobwa bikenerwa kugira ngo uhinge ibihumyo ni imigina y’ibihumyo n’igisharagati bihingwamo.

Umugina w’ibihumyo ukorwa ute?

Umugina w’ibihumyo ni uruvange rw’ibyatsi biseye babibamo umwayi w’ibihumyo bikamara iminsi 40 kugeza kuri 45 bibitse ahantu habugenewe kugira ngo ube ugeze igihe cyo guhingwa. Mu gukora umugina hifashishwa ibyatsi birimo urubingo, ibigorigori, ibitiritiri, ibishogoshogo by’ingano, iby’umuceri, iby’uburo, iby’ibishyimbo, ibikatsi n’ibikongorwa by’ibisheke n’ibikenyeri by’amasaka. Hifashishwa kandi ifumbire mvaruganda (Urea) n’ ishwagara.

Umugina w’ibihumyo ushobora kuwikorera cyangwa ukawugura ku bantu bayikora bakayigurisha.

Igisharagati cy’ibihumyo gikorwa gute?

Igisharagati gihingwamo ibihumyo ni nk’inzu ibihumyo bihingwamo. Mu rwego rwo kwirinda icyabangamira gukura neza kw’ibihumyo, ni byiza kubaka igisharagati kure y’umusarani, kure y’ububiko n’ibikoresho by’imiti, kure y’ikidendezi cy’amazi na kure y’ikigega cy’imyaka. Mu gisharagati hagomba guhora hahehereye kandi hatarimo urumuri rwinshi.

Mu kubaka igisharagati si ngombwa gukoresha ibikoresho bikomeye cyane cyangwa se bihenze. Igikenewe ni ubuhehere, umwuka n’urumuri biringaniye. Ni byiza kandi ko igisharagati kiba kitava kugira ngo ibihumyo bitangirika mu gihe cy’imvura.

Ni gute utegura ahaterwa imigina y’ibihumyo?

Iyo umaze kubaka igisharagati, ucukuramo uturingoti cyangwa imitabo. Umutabo umwe ugira metero 4 kuri m 0.8 (cm 80) n’ubujyakuzimu bufite hagati ya cm 25 na cm 30.

Kuri metero kare 1 (1m²) iri mu gisharagati, haterwa imigina 64, gusa hari aho iyo migina ishobora kugabanuka bitewe n’uburumbuke bwaho. Utera imigina, ayitereka ku murongo ayitondekanya muri wa mutabo, yegeranya umwe ku wundi, yarangiza akorosaho agataka gacye ka cm 1.

Iyo bamaze gutera imigina, baravomerera n’amazi. Iyo umaze kuvomerera, ushyiraho ishashi igondeye ku biti byibura kuri metero 1 ubariye aho igiti kigondeye, kugira ngo hagumemo ubuhehere kandi hatagira ikibazo cyo kumagara kugeza igihe ibihumyo bitangiye kuzamuka cyangwa kumera.

Ni gute wita ku bihumyo bimaze kuzamuka cyangwa kumera?

Mu gihe ibihumyo byamaze kumera utwikurura ya shashi mbere ya saa moya za mu gitondo mu gihe cy’igice cy’isaha cyangwa iminota 30, ukavomerera, ukongera ugatwikira. Mu gihe izuba rirenze ukaza kongera gutwikurura igice cy’isaha, ukavomerera. Ibyo bikorwa kugira ngo ibihumyo bikure neza. Birashoboka ko ubutaka bwumagara, icyo gihe, ushobora gusuka amazi ku mpande z’umutabo watewemo imigina.

Ibindi usabwa kwitaho mu gukurikirana ibihumyo

-Kubaka neza igisharagati no kwita ku migina ukurikije inama zatanzwe haruguru;

-Kugira isuku ihagije mu gisharagati no ku migina

-Kwirinda amasazi mu gisharagati,

-Gufunga umuryango w’aho ibihumyo bihinze mu gihe ibyahakorerwaga birangiye,

-Kugenzura uburwayi bushobora gufata ibihumyo no kubukumira hakiri kare, ukamenyesha abakugurishijeho imigina cyangwa abaguhuguye igihe ubonye ikibazo,

-Gukubura neza ibisigazwa mu gihe umaze gusarura kugirango bitabora bigatera indwara,

-Gukuramo ibisigazwa by’imigina yahunduye no gutunganya neza umutabo mbere yo kongera gutera indi migina.

Ni gute wasarura ibihumyo?

Ni byiza gusarura ibihumyo ingofero yabyo ikigondeye imbere, itararambuka neza. Iyo ubisaruye ingofero yabyo irambutse, igihumyo gita ibiro, ntikigire isura nziza kandi ntikiba gishobora kubikwa neza. Ni byiza gusarura ibihumyo mu gitondo mbere y’uko izuba riva cyangwa se nimugoroba izuba rirenze. Ugiye gusarura abanza koza intoki ze akazumutsa, akitwaza icyuma n’agatebo gasukuye. Hasarurwa umugina umwe umwe. Ufatisha ibiganza byombi ugasa n’ufungura ivisi ujyana mu ruhande rumwe ukagarura mu rundi, hanyuma ukazamura witonze wirinda kwangiza imigina kugirango izakomeze kwera neza.

http://imbere.rw/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Imfashanyigisho-yo-guhinga-ibihumyo.pdf

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